Friday, September 16, 2011

How Can I Be A Better Student?

A disturbing pathology has arisen within the American Educational System, both within K-12 and Higher Education. Policies implemented throughout all levels of the United States educational system and changes of attitudes within families are resulting in American students that are not adequately prepared for current or future employment, and worse, woefully ill-prepared to face the challenges of a 21st century multi-cultural globalized world. This is the first of a series of essays meant to identify weaknesses and offer solutions.

Honestly, unless one had a good teacher in HS, educated parents, or a close role model, the American Educational System has probably failed you, to some extent. Especially if this title drew your attention. And, I apologize, on behalf of educators everywhere. If I could go back in time, 20 years or so should do the trick, and be granted “Rule by Decree” powers, maybe your path would be more clear. I can’t do that, and now you – and no one else – is in charge of your life.

You can make tomorrow the first day of a new attitude, or Monday. Don’t put it off too long. Your future is at stake.

Here is advice, advice I have learned through my own mistakes, that I learned from others, from workshops, and from students. This advice will be controversial. Good decisions are not necessarily easy. In fact, there are no easy choices, and there is sacrifice, and trade-offs. You cannot eat your cake and have it, too.

  1. School is your job. Multiply your course load by 3 and that is how many hours per week minimum dedicated to your education. For example, if you are taking 15hrs of classes, times 3, equals 45 hours. 37.5 hours is a full-time work week. If you also have a “job,” add those hours to 45; that is an accurate assessment of how busy you should be. If you have other activities eating away at your time, add those. Then, you have to eat, sleep, and other chores like grocery shopping. There is a real probability that you are stretched too thin, and stressed.
  2. School is your job. Never miss class, unless you are ill and contagious. Other exceptions are field trips that are education-related. Unless you are a qualified doctor or donating an organ or bone marrow, family members can do fine without you. Another possible exception is a funeral. People who have weddings during the business cycle or academic calendar are only thinking of themselves. Dress appropriately for class, not in pajamas. Do not attend intoxicated. Educating yourself is in your own best interest. Prioritize your education accordingly.
  3. Eliminate distractions. Social events, and social groups can be fun but ultimately they are a tremendous time-waster, and a huge distraction. Membership in a professional group is not the same. Professional groups work to your advantage. An example of a professional group includes the American Chemical Society, or the Institute of Civil Engineers. Focus on your academic career and you have a chance of graduating on-time and on-budget, perhaps even a semester early.
  4. Eliminate Poisonous or Toxic People. Face facts; some people have toxic personalities. A person who says, “Let’s get drunk,” or “Let’s get high,” or “Let’s ditch class and go to the lake,” are signs that person is a toxic personality. A person who drops his or her emotional baggage on you is toxic. A person who tries to distract or belittle you from becoming educated is a toxic person. This person could be a so-called “friend” or a family member or someone in your community. I personally heard a pastor in church belittle education, saying that the Bible is the source of truth and knowledge, and science is wrong. Some ethnic groups face discrimination, bullying, and sometimes violence when members try to educate themselves. Blacks are often referred to as “Oreo,” for being “white” on the inside, “black” on the outside. Hispanics might be called “coconuts;” Asians are called “Twinkies.” All moronic labels; those people try to push others down, make them feel inferior. Cut them off, like the cancer they are. People that exhibit these traits are definitely poisonous, toxic, and will try to sabotage your success. Cutting them out of your life is not you being mean, you are standing up for yourself. Those people are self-centered, selfish, and irresponsible in attempting to ruin your life, hinder your success, and prevent you from working towards your own best interest.
  5. Get your emotions under control. Faculty will often sound mean and uncaring. We aren’t all that way. We are not grown in test tubes. Some of us could use more tact, true. Bottom-line is that our job is to help you understand, test that understanding, and correct you when you mess up. We do not get paid for being nice or tactful, we get paid to pass along knowledge, test that you comprehend that knowledge, and inform you when you screw up. I apologize for my self and all other faculty across the United States that have hurt your feelings. Honestly, though, you should really set aside that “hurt” and listen to the criticism. The criticism may not sound nice and soothing, but that input is meant to make you better, and is meant to push and advance your interest. Faculty are your ally, as opposed to those toxic people in your life. Many of us have such twisted lives that the toxic people seem sane, and those that are trying to help us advance ourselves seem crazy and delusional.

    Consider your personal relationships. If your girlfriend or boyfriend takes off, dumps you, the world will not end. Chances are they were dead-weight anyway. People do not control your feelings, your emotions, unless you abdicate that power to him/her. Why would you do that? Why would you give a person that power? Conversely, you get to choose how you react. You might go through a break-up, but you get to decide how you react to that situation. People have the right to choose. And, if your boyfriend or girlfriend is toxic, you will be the one doing the breaking. Move on; work on you success, and be successful. Surround yourself with other successful people.

  6. Sit in the front row. A few studies seem to indicate that your position in the classroom does not translate into better grades. A letter grade should not be the only measure of classroom success. Grades are used merely because grades are easy to measure. Students that sit in the front row are forced to be attentive simply by their proximity to the booming voice at the front of the room. Students on the front and second row pay attention, and ask questions. In other words, those minds are engaged, and that is what you want for yourself – an engaged brain.
  7. Study. That may seem like a no-brainer, but students think reading is studying. Reading is the preliminary work that you do before studying. Like getting the shower water the proper temperature before showering. Studying is a broader topic that. Studying means placing yourself in the role of a research assistant, thinking from the perspective of a chemist, physicist, a nurse, or a social worker, and using the knowledge gained, to date, using knowledge gleaned from all of your courses. Studying is not merely highlighting key words and phrases. A key word or phrase is like a fingerprint at a crime scene, a data point; now what are you going to do with that tidbit of knowledge?
  8. Ask questions in class. Ask for clarification, ask for examples, ask “what if?” Or, “why is it that way?” Asking questions does to things. First, your brain is obviously engaged, and being engaged, means your are very likely to remember the content and context of the discussion. Two, you come to the instructor’s attention. Remember, we are not the enemy. One day, you may need an employment reference, or character reference, or a background check. Faculty are your friend. Really.
  9. Use downtime wisely. Review notes while waiting on an oil change, while sitting in the doctor’s office. If you get to class early, review the notes from the previous class. 
  10. Don’t study in bed. Don’t eat in bed. Don’t sleep at your desk. See, our body forms patterns pretty easy, and then breaking bad behaviors can be even worse, and take longer. Since you sleep in bed, your brain knows that sleep is coming up soon. Study in bed and your brain isn’t really going to be focused on retaining knowledge. Your brain is going to be distracted by prepping your body for sleep. Don’t confuse your living patterns. Eat at the table, studying at the table or desk, sleep in bed.

Ten ways of becoming a better student I have laid out for you. You may have seen all or some before. Some may seem selfish. They are not selfish. We have been poorly coached, or led to believe that being co-dependent with other people and their problems means we are being a good person. Myth, all myth. The problem of toxic people is a subtle and insidious problem everyone faces, and may be the greatest of all issues, actually. You will find, though, that nearly all successful people overcome obstacles, self-made obstacles, to achieve the level of success they have today. By putting your interests first, making progress towards positive goals, you will encourage people around you in positive ways. Toxic people will immediately reveal themselves by making fun of you, calling you selfish, arrogant, and accusing you of trying to be better than everyone else. If that happens to you, then you are probably on the way to being successful.

Congratulations!

Americans & Job Loss: Assessing Responsibility

Labor and all associated traits, components, and concerns are of immense interest to economic geographers. Of particular interest is the movement of labor-intensive manufacturing jobs from historically manufacturing based economies, such as the United States, to low-wage, low-skill, low-income states, like China, Vietnam, and other Southeast Asian countries.

Low-income states, such as Vietnam, China, or Cambodia, represent pools of labor willing to work for pennies an hour. The alternative for these workers could literally mean no income for the day, and a few dollars per week. Employment earning $10/day or more might represent 5-10x increase over their previous earnings. Who would not want that type of earnings change, right?

Regardless of the potential of worker exploitation - that may not be for our Western temperament to judge - local labor and people do benefit from these employment opportunities. And, there may be other issues associated with the globalization of labor, perhaps dilution of culture, or loss of local culture. Some geographers note that these fears may be overblown. Local cultures do not throw away their culture in favor of a new "normal," but adapt to new traits, called "indigenization." For instance, McDonalds builds, yet offers a completely meat-free menu due to local customs. Or, offers lamb or falafel items.

When jobs traditionally held by Americans move abroad, many Americans want to point fingers, want to blame someone. People blame CEOs, blame "greedy Corporate America," for selling out our American jobs to China. The problem with this Blame Game is that many other factors are selectively ignored or are not realized merely out of blind ignorance.

In response to our bias, I have compiled a list of parties that should share in the collective blame:

1. American consumers
2. Unions
3. Shareholders
4. Market Analysts/Stock Brokers
5. CEOs/Corporations

And, pretty much in that order.

Unions
Unions negotiate for vacations, sick leave, and retirement benefits. One of the biggest issues with General Motors was not simply the fact that people found their vehicles undesirable, but was compounded by their huge and extravagant benefits and entitlement packages enjoyed by former employees. Unions protect ineffective employees. Ineffective employees hurt efficiency besides damaging workplace morale. Unions interfere with a businesses need to move dexterously to address changes in markets forces. And, negotiate for higher wages, when higher wages might not be warranted.

Shareholders
Stockholders in a company have at least two simple desires. First, stockholders want share prices to increase. Second, they want to get paid a dividend. A company needs to continually examine profitability to ensure those events occur, to keep investors happy. If you have a mutual fund, an IRA, a 401k, this means you.

Stock Brokers/Financial Analysts
Stock Brokers and Financial Analysts set and manipulate share prices. Any who says they do not doesn't pay attention to Jim Cramer, or Squawkbox (MSNBC). At one time, a CEO who was interviewed could expect the share prices of his company to increase dramatically in the first three months after his appearance on MSNBC. This effect was even given a name, "The Squawkbox Effect" (CNNMoney). These Financial Actors can influence markets and economic sectors simply by making comments in favor of, or opposed to, movements by corporations. These Actors seem to reward nimble corporate market adaptations, and seem not to reward long-term plans that include innovation. Conversely, these actors also seem to expect corporations like Microsoft, Apple, HP, or Motorola, to be constant innovators. Corporations that make significant changes to their business model, either through selling off divisions, corporate mergers, or the acquisition of other companies or technologies, may not result in a favorable response. Therefore, these Financial Actors can exert influence in how a company examines its finances.

CEOs / Board of Directors
CEOs and Board of Directors are probably the least to blame. I'm sure that sounds contrary to popular opinion. But, ask yourself this, For what purpose are CEOs hired? To make a company profitable, and, keep a company profitable. Simply put, they are hired to make money. And, if reducing the costs of labor help make the company more profitable, then the shareholders - the investors win. If you have a mutual fund, for retirement, for education, then you win. Profits keep shareholders happy. Profits keep the Board of Directors happy. How does a CEO manage to keep everyone happy? That is why they get paid the big bucks, why are they rewarded handsomely when they succeed, and why they do not get paid as much when they fail. Not as much when they fail.

Consumers (You and I)
I saved the best for last. Best, and the top reason jobs move abroad. Yes, you and I are pretty much the reason why jobs move overseas. How dare you! you might scream. Before you light the stake, follow this rationale.

Americans, in general, have become Irrational Consumers. I enter into evidence the "Average American Credit Card Debt: $15,799 (creditcards.com) . I also enter the "Mortgage Crisis of 2008" as my second exhibit. My third exhibit is the inability of the U.S. Congress to efficiently manage Revenue v. Debt over the last 30 years, and for their complicity in encouraging Americans to "buy" and adopt horrible financial behaviors. I could also add in our reticence to restrain our thirst for oil, that we are the largest consumers of electricity in the world despite having only 5% of the population.

Rational Consumers will purchase what they can afford, through savings, or through buying off-brands. Rational consumers will abide by common financial practices of setting aside 10%-15% of income to retirement. Rational consumers will maintain a debt load of less than 30% of income. Rational consumers will use the rule of 2-1/2x's annual income for determining the affordability of housing.  Many financial web sites are available to assist people in making good choices.

People do not want to make good choices, or do not have the experience in making good choices. Shopping at Wal-mart or Target or CostCo may superficially seem like a good cost-saving measure, but not if you spend more than earn.

However, people do seem to want value for their money, even if that money is really VISA or MASTERCARD. That purchasing power, whether credit/credit cards or cash is The Voice that CEOs listen to. In the 1970s and early 1980s, televisions were available from both United States and Asian manufacturers. Eventually, U.S. makers were forced to close factories in the U.S. and contract with factories in China, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Japan. Were their TVs better? No, not really. But, they were cheaper. Same quality, but less expensive.

Thus, if you were shopping in the 1980s, you might go to K-Mart. In the electronics department of K-Mart, you would see a U.S.-made RCA TV for $199.99. Next to the RCA is a similar TV made by Japan's LG or Sony for $169.99. All things being equal, which one did you buy? I'll tell you; you bought the Sony and saved $30. You, and a bunch of other Americans opted for the less expensive TVs. RCA, after a few years of seeing profits decline, had a difficult choice to make. Close; or stay in business but move manufacturing to Asia. RCA got the message, though; Americans would rather have a cheaper TV than a more expensive TV made in the United States.

The Price of Labor is crucial in remaining competitive. See, raw materials are pretty much priced on the global market. Everyone pays pretty much the same price for leather, fabric, plastic, etc., all the inputs for products. The other major cost for products is transportation. While transportation can be expensive, it is expensive for everyone equally. That leaves labor.

Americans require benefits, health insurance, dental insurance, eyecare insurance. Americans require paid vacation and paid sick leave and maternity leave. Americans want retirement plans. Americans want a minimum wage and regular raises. Americans want unemployment insurance and retraining benefits when we lose our jobs. None of this is free.

Furthermore, as none of this is free, someone has to pay for it. That someone is you, but not exclusively you. Your employer also chips in. In fact, you as an employee cost your employer an addition 25% to 40% above and beyond your wage (MIT Sloan School of Management). In other words, if you make $9/hr, you are costing your employer at least $12/hr.

Pretend you are an employer, you have your own company making TVs. You now have a choice: are you going to try to make TVs in the United States, and pay your workers minimum wage (good luck) $7.35/hr, which is a cost to you of about $9/hr per employee, $72/day per employee, $1,440/month per employee? Or, are you going to hire a Chinese worker for $4/day, or maybe $120/month? Because that is the reality.

Well that isn't fair! I've heard that, too.

Do you want a Free Market economy, or not? If so, that has to apply to labor, as well. Otherwise, as a U.S. company owner you might petition the U.S. government to pass an excise tax on incoming products from China. That might be good for you; a TV coming in from China now has $30 added on to it so now it is equal in cost to yours. But, when Americans find out that they are paying $30 more for that TV than what they could pay, someone is going to be upset.

In the Grander Scheme of Things, eventually those workers in Vietnam, Malaysia, wherever, will eventually want higher wages. When that happens, those worker might get higher wages. The cost of those additional wages will be passed along to the consumers, us. This is happening already in the maquiladoras along the U.S./Mexico border. And, it is happening in isolated cases, in southeast China. People upset over their wages, or working conditions, are striking, acting-out. Apple, for example, has negotiated with a Chinese factory, FoxConn, to improve the working environment. That is one isolated case.

Bottom line is that you and I, our parents, our grandparents, and our kids and grandchildren, all made choices of buying the best and cheapest stuff that matched our budgets, or that we could squeeze on our VISA or Discover Card. And, doing that helped move American jobs overseas.